altruism

['æltruizəm]

n. 利他主义, 利他

词形变化：

形容词: altruistic | 副词: altruistically | 名词: altruist |

n.

利他主义; 利他行为

altruism

词形变化：

形容词: altruistic | 副词: altruistically | 名词: altruist |

同义词：

charity | selflessness | unselfishness | self-sacrifice | humanity | philanthropy |

反义词：

egoism |

词义辨析：

同义参见:

charity

反义:

n.利他主义

egoism

altruism['æltruizəm]n.1.■无私，忘我，利他2.■【伦理学】利他主义(egoism之对)3.■(动物的)自我牺牲行为，利他行为，利他主义[参较sociobiology]

1. [mass noun]the belief in or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others
   利他主义
   some may choose to work with vulnerable elderly people out of altruism.
   一些人可能出于利他主义而自愿帮助衰弱的老人。
   ■(Zoology)behaviour of an animal that benefits another at its own expense
   (动)利他行为
   

1. mid 19th cent.: from French altruisme, from Italian altrui 'somebody else', from Latin alteri huic 'to this other'
   

altruism

名词 altruism:

the quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others

同义词：selflessness

altruism

■p.1 原文：...kindness, humour, heartlessness, gregarousness, altruism, motherlove and sefl-awareness.

14译文：...如仁慈、幽默、冷漠、无情、合群、利他、无私、母爱以及自我意识。

■Trivers, then at Harvard University, to phrase the issue in modern evolutionary terms with his theory of reciprocal altruism.

Trivers）才提出互惠利他理论，以现代演化生物学解释了生物的利他行为。

■"We went into this experiment with the idea that altruism was really a function of the brain's reward systems -- altruistic people would simply find it more rewarding," he said.

“我们是带着利他主义的确是大脑奖励机制的一个功能的想法开始这项试验的，也就是说，利他的人们会得到（其大脑）更多的奖励。”他说。

■A controersial Jesuit priest named Anthony de Mello questioned our underlying moties in doing good deeds. "Charity," he said, "is really self-interest masquerading under the form of altruism."

一位有争议的名叫安东尼梅德洛耶稣教徒神父质疑我们行善的潜意识的动机。“行善”他说，“实际上是的利他式化下的自我利益形式”。

■Altruism may breed better marriages, a new study suggests. Or, the data might mean that good marriages make people more altruistic.

一项新的研究显示:利他主义孕育美好的婚姻,或幸福的婚姻让人们更无私。

■Next his team hopes to test children, and find out how and when altruism develops.

下一步，他的团队希望测试儿童，试图发现利他主义行为是从何时、如何发展的。

■3.Far from being a senseless exercise in self-deception, this purification from the dangers of wallowing in smug altruism leads to greater self-knowledge and dedication.

不同于毫无意义的自欺欺人，这种使人从沉浸于自鸣得意的利他主义的危险中得到解脱的灵魂净化，能够让人更有自知之明，更加乐于奉献。

■Whatever, altruism and happiness seem to go together in the realm of love.

不管怎样,在爱的世界里无私和幸福似乎是不可分割的.

■A strong hand had to bring forth political altruism, whatever the tone of economics.

不管经济体制如何，必须有强权推行政治利他主义。

■Anonymity is the truest expression of altruism.

不记名是利他主义最真的表现。

■In order for the altruist not to be exploited by non-reciprocaters, it would be expected that reciprocal altruism can only exist in the co-presence of mechanisms to identify and punish "cheaters".

为了使利他主义者不被非互惠者们利用，可以预期，互惠利他主义只能在查明和惩罚“骗子”的机制都存在的情况下发生。

■Make altruism and giving part of your life, and be purposeful about it.

为他人着想，献出你一部分生命，过有目标的生活。

■It is the also the vibration of altruism that causes humans to veil their real self out of the belief that it is not perfect enough.

也就是利他主义的振动导致人类遮蔽自己在信仰里显得不够完美的真实自我。

■reciprocal altruism

互利主义

■Reciprocal altruism means unselfishness based on giving and sending back in reciprocation.

互惠利他理论的实质内涵是以回报为基础的利他互惠。

■kin altruism

亲缘利他

■In humans, the same primitive area of the brain stimulated by food or sex is also stimulated by acts of altruism.

人类大脑中受食物和性刺激的脑区也受利他主义行为的刺激。

■Humans are a mix of selfishness and altruism but generally feel better working to help each other rather than to do each other down.

人类是利己主义和利他主义的混合体，但通常而言，相互帮助比勾心斗角让人感觉更好。

■Through most of our prehistory, humans lived under conditions that would have strongly favoured the evolution of all four kinds of altruism.

人类的史前阶段，生活的环境相当有利于形成以上的四种善行。

■We see it in the growing altruism of Trade Unionism

从工会主义日益增长的利他精神即可见一斑。

■Understanding the Relationship Between Egoism and Altruism from the Viewpoint of Moral Subject

从道德主体出发来理解利己与利他的关系

■They became aware that the late 18th-century cult of sensibility, which had championed untrammelled emotion as the fount of altruism, could easily spill over into self-indulgent histrionics;

他们开始认识到，18世纪后期对敏感顶礼膜拜，将未驾驭的情感视为利他主义之源泉，却往往过于汹涌而沦为个人放纵的表演;

■Wanting so much to be helpful, they may chronically subordinate their own needs to the needs of others, going beyond loving sacrifice or healthy altruism into servitude.

他们是那么的乐意帮助他人，他们可能长期的为了别人的需求而轻视自己的需求，超过了爱心的奉献或健康的利他，而变为被奴役。

■He's seeking to remind people that self-interest, not just altruism , justifies engagement abroad.

他提醒人们，参与国外事务不光是为了他人的利益，也是为了自身的利益。

■His sense of altruism is touching.

他舍己为人的精神令人感动。

■The bottom line, he said, is that altruism may rely on a basic understanding that others hae motiations and actions that may be similar to our own.

他说，底线是利他主义可能是基于这样的基本认识：别人也有和我们自己近似的动机和行为。

■His altruism won the neighbors' respect.

他那利他的行为赢得了邻居的尊敬。

■Economic Analysis of Resources Allocation Within the Framework of Intergenerational Altruism

代际利他下资源分配的经济学分析

■while primitive brain rules of altruism and empathy end up in the misfiring that cheers us in the chastened reconciliation of Shakespeare's final scene.

令我们欣喜的是，最初大脑内的有关利他主义和同情的规则以失效的方式，在莎士比亚的终场中，以饱经磨难的和解结束。

■But the recipients of their largesse are unlikely to care if the donors are motivated by altruism, public relations or a guilty conscience.

但不论捐赠者是因为利他主义的动机,还是因为公共关系的需要,或者是良心的愧疚而捐赠,对于受赠者来说,这一切都无所谓。

■You must find that central standard of altruism which can be responsible for history, which possesses the value of the whole, and which pursues the universe.

你们必须找到那个能为历史负责的无私的中心标准，那个标准拥有全体的价值，且那是追寻天宙的标准。

■Its “goodness” stems less from all that guff about corporate altruism than from Adam Smith's invisible hand.

公司的“善举”更多的是源自亚当?斯密所谓的那只“看不见的手”，而非企业利他主义之类的空话。

■Children demand sacrifice and altruism, a long-term investment of parental time and money.

养育孩子需要奉献及无私的精神，需要长期的、大量的亲情及金钱的投入。

■(2) Intrinsic reward and altruism will make individuals share knowledge in high frequency.

内在报酬、利他主义才会对知识共享产生持久的激励作用；

■Keywords Founding family business （FFB）;No-Founding family business （N-FFB）;Two sides-three layers principal-agent problem;Altruism;Owner's authority;Pyramid-controlling structure;

创业型家族企业（FFB）;非创业型家族企业（N-FFB）;“双重三层”;委托代理问题;利他主义;业主权威;金字塔控制结构;

■Altruism and cooperation: the strategies for existence and evolutionary approaches in organisms

利他与合作:生物有机体的生存策略和进化路径

■Altruism: unselfish concern for the welfare of others; selflessness

利他主义,无私:对他人福利给以无私的关注;无私

■Altruism: from sociobiology to social science

利他主义:从社会生物学到社会科学

■Keywords altruism;sociobiology;kin selection;reciprocal altruism;paradigm;

利他主义;社会生物学;亲族选择;互惠利他主义;范式;

■A discrimination Between Altruism and Egoism

利他主义与利己主义辨析

■The Research on Altruism and the Management Model in Family Business

利他主义与家族式中小企业管理模式研究

■ambition that is masked as altruism.

利他主义掩盖下的野心.

■Ambitionthat is masked as altruism.

利他主义掩盖下的野心。

■efficiency of altruism

利他主义效率

■A New Exploration on Altruism

利他主义新探

■A classic example of altruism.

利他主义的典型例子’。

■Altruism is a rather new word for unselfishness, coined by 19th century humanist philosopher Auguste Comte as an alternative to egoism, which means putting oneself above all else.

利他主义相对自私自利主义来说是个新词儿，由19世纪人文主义哲学家奥格斯特伯爵做为对利已主义（一种将自己的利益高高置上的主义）之外的一种选择提出来。

■altruism contract

利他合同

■statement of altruism contract

利他合同说

■Altruism runs higher among older people and those with college educations.

利他性在年长的人群和大学学历人群中较强。