if
[if]
conj.是否, 如果, 即使, 每当
n.条件, 设想
例句与用法:
She glares at me if I go near her desk.
我一走近她的办公桌,她就瞪我。
Do you know if he's married?
他结婚没结婚,你知道吗?
I'm not sure whether to resign or stay on.
我拿不准主意是辞职还是留任。
I wonder if I should wear a hat.
我不知道该不该戴帽子。
Even if you saw him pick up the money, you can't be sure he stole it.
就算你看见是他拾起的钱,你也不能肯定钱就是他偷的。
If he wins and it's a big if he'll be the first Englishman to win for twenty years.
假使他赢了--是否能赢还是一大疑问--他将是二十年来第一个获胜的英国人。
Listen to the tune see if you can remember the words.
请听这曲子--看你能不能想得起歌词来。
If weather permit, we will go to the park tomorrow.
如果天气好的话,明天我们去公园。
conj.
1. (表示条件)如果
He will come if you invite him.
如果你请他, 他会来的。
2. (表示虚拟)假如, 要是
If I were you, I would never do that.
如果我是你, 我决不做那件事。
3. (表示让步)即使
We'll go even if it rains.
即使下雨我们也要去。
4. 是否
I wonder if she is ill.
不知她是否病了。
5. (表示因果关系)每一次……的时候(总是会)
If I feel any doubt, I inquire.
我一觉得有疑问就发问。
n.
条件; 设想[C]
There are too many ifs in his offer.
他的提议中条件太多了。
短语词组:
if only
1. 只要
If only it clears up , we'll go.
只要天一放晴, 我们就去。
2. 但愿
If only he arrives in time.
但愿他能及时赶到。
if
名词复数:ifs
词义辨析:
同义参见:
provided
whether
if[if]conj.1.■[表示条件或假设]如果;假如,倘若,要是:If I knew, I would say.如果我知道,我就说了。If I were you, I would have failed.如果我是你,我可能会失败的。2.■尽管;虽然;即使:If he is little, he is strong.他尽管年纪小,力气倒蛮大的。If I am wrong, you are not right.即使我错了,你也不对。3.■是否:I don't know if he is at home.问他是否在家。Ask him if he's at home.我不知道他是否在家。4.■当…时,就:If I do not understand, I ask questions.当我不懂时我就问。If I feel any doubt, I ask.我有疑问时就问。5.■[表示愿望、感叹]要是…多好:If I hadn't lost my purse!我的钱包要是没丢多好!6.■[与 will, could 等连用,表示婉言请求]:If you will keep waiting for a while, they'll soon be back.请你再等一会儿,他们很快就会回来了。7.■[与动词否定式连用,表示惊讶、愤怒等]:If isn't Stephen!那不是史蒂芬吗!n.1.■疑问;设想;有疑问的事2.■条件,必需的条件;规定as if见 asif and when万一,如果;只有当…之时if any即使有也(极少),若有的话if anything happens to someone万一某人发生什么意外(或不幸);万一某人不幸死亡if at all如(某事)果真会发生(或出现)的话;若(某人)真要做(某事)的话if ever假如,要是;如果真有(我当真)if not要是不,即使不if only要是,只要要是…多好正是,就是,恰恰是if only because (或if only to)即使仅仅因为ifs and buts借口;托词if so如果是这样的话if you please劳驾;请如果不愿意的话;如果你接受(我允许)的话[口语]居然,竟然
ifif[if]conj.1.■[表示条件, 假设]如果, 要是; 假如2.■[表示让步]虽然; 即使3.■是否, 是不是4.■(=whenever)无论何时; 当5.■[表示愿望, 感叹]要是....多好If weather permits....(常略作I.W.P)如果天气好的话....I'll do it if I die in the attempt.即使会丧命我也要试一下。Ask if he is at home.问一问他在不在家。If I do not understand what he says, I always ask him.我不懂他的话时, 总是去问他。If I haven't lost my watch!我的表要是不丢该多好!If I only knew!要是我知道该多好。
词性变化if[if]n.1.■条件; 设想ifs and buts拖延的原因Your argument seems to have too many ifs.你的论据似乎假设太多了一些。I don't want ifs and buts; swallow your medicine at once.我可不听你泡蘑菇, 马上吞下你的药。
conjunction
- introducing a conditional clause
[引导条件状语从句]如果
■on the condition or supposition that; in the event that
如果
if you have a complaint, write to the director.
如果你想抱怨,就给厂长写信。
if you like I'll put in a word for you.
如果你愿意,我就替你说句好话。
■(with past tense) introducing a hypothetical situation
[后跟过去时态,表示假设]要是,假如
if you had stayed, this would never have happened.
要是你当时留了下来,就不会发生这件事。
■whenever; every time
无论何时;每当
if I go out she gets nasty.
每逢我出门,她就变得很讨厌。 - despite the possibility that; no matter whether
虽然;即使
if it takes me seven years, I shall do it.
即使花上7年时间,我也要做这件事。 - (often used in indirect questions) whether
[常用于间接疑问句]是否
he asked if we would like some coffee.
他问我们想不想来点咖啡。
see if you can track it down.
看看你是否能追查到。 - [with modal]expressing a polite request
[表示礼貌的问询]是否
if I could trouble you for your names?.
麻烦能否问一下你们的姓名?。
if you wouldn't mind giving him a message?.
你是否介意带个口信给他?。 - expressing an opinion
[表示看法]如果
that's a jolly long walk, if you don't mind my saying so.
那是一次愉快的长途散步,如果你不介意我这么说。
if you ask me, he's in love.
如果你问我,他是在恋爱了。 - expressing surprise or regret
[表示惊讶、遗憾]这不 是…;要 是…多好
well, if it isn't Frank!.
哟,这不是弗兰克吗!。
if I could just be left alone.
要是没人来管我多好。 - with implied reservation
[表示含蓄的怀疑]
■and perhaps not
或许不
the new leaders have little if any control.
新任领导们很少有,或许根本就没有什么控制力。
■used to admit something as being possible but regarded as relatively insignificant
[表示虽有可能,但不重要]就算
if there was any weakness, it was naivety.
就算有什么缺点,也只是天真而已。
so what if he did?.
就算是他做的又怎样?。
■despite being (used before an adjective or adverb to introduce a contrast)
[置于形容词或副词前表示对比]尽管
she was honest, if a little brutal.
她是诚实的,尽管有点残忍。
- a condition or supposition
条件;假设
there are so many ifs and buts in the policy.
这项政策里有那么多假设和例外。
if and only if
- used to introduce a condition which is necessary as well as sufficient
当且仅当
witches are real if and only if there are criteria for identifying witches.
当且仅当有标准识别女巫,女巫才是真实存在的。
- at a future time (should it arise)
如果,万一
if and when the film gets the green light, be sure you've read the book first.
万一电影得到许可,千万保证你已经读过那本书了。
- used to suggest tentatively that something may be the case (often the opposite of something previously implied)
如果是这样的话(之前多已提及相反的情况)
I haven't made much of this—if anything, I've played it down.
对此我并没有加以重视——如果是这样的话,那我是看低它了。
- used to accompany a piece of advice
(表示建议)换作是我
I would go to see him if I were you.
换作是我,我会去见他。
- perhaps even (used to introduce a more extreme term than one first mentioned)
[用于提出更极端的说法]甚至可能
hundreds if not thousands of germs.
数以百计甚至可能数以千计的细菌。
- even if for no other reason than
即使只为了
Willy would have to tell George more, if only to stop him pestering.
即使只为了阻止乔治惹恼别人,威利也会告诉他更多的。 - used to express a wish, especially regretfully
要 是…就好了
if only I had listened to you.
如果我听你的话就好了。
- if that is the case
若是这样
- Old English gif, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch of and German ob
- If and whether are more or less interchangeable in sentences like I'll see if he left an address and I'll see whether he left an addressalthough whether is generally regarded as more formal and suitable for written use
if
if
■We'll let you know if any vacancies come up.
一有空缺我们就通知你。
■You won't make the team if you don't try out.
不参加选拔就不能加入这个队。
■I am wondering if you have any openings for a bartender?
不知你们有没有酒吧招待的空缺?
■I wonder if the oculist can fit me in next Friday.
不知眼科医生能否在下星期五给我安排一个时间。
■I wonder if I may be excused for a moment.
不知能否恕我暂时告退。
■I wonder if there is a convenience store nearby.
不知道这附近有没有便利商店?
■He'll talk your head off if you give him a chance.
他一有机会就会对你说个没完。
■He is, if anything, a little weaker today.
他今天身体反而比较弱一点。
■He snot on enquiring glance at her to see if she agreed with him.
他以征询的目光看了她一眼,看看她是否同意他的意见。
■It seems as if he knows everything.
他似乎是个万事通。
■He doubts if the officer is anybody.
他怀疑这官员是个要人。
■He felt as if he almost wished to kill them.
他感觉彷佛几乎要杀掉他们。
■He shook his head as if to say no.
他摇摇头好象在说不。
■I wonder if he's eating well every day!
他是不是每天都吃得好!
■He behaves as if he had no common sense.
他的言行就好像没有常识似的。
■He says the food isn't hot enough, if you please!
他竟然说吃的东西不够热,你听听这话。
■If he refused to speak out the truth, thrash it out.
他若拒绝讲出实情,就打字实情。
■If he were you, he would reconsider my proposal.
他要是你,他会重新考虑我的建议。
■He walked along as if favoring his sore foot.
他走路像是特别小心照顾他那只酸痛的脚似的。
■He asked me if I had a cigarette lighter with me.
他问我身上是否带着打火机。
■He asked the carter if he had been there before.
他问马车夫以前是否去过那里。
■If you keep rubbing, the paint will come off.
你再多擦擦颜色就能掉了。
■If you use a bit of elbow grease you'll get the floor clean.
你只要用点劲,就能把地板擦干净。
■I can spare you some, if you want, at cost.
你如果想要,我可按成本让给你一些。
■Let me know if there is anything you have need of.
你如果需要什么东西,请告诉我。
■I'll be around if you should want me.
你如需要我,我就在附近。
■Do you ever have the measles, and if so, how many?
你得过麻疹吗,要是得过,出了几粒?
■See if you can wave down a taxi.
你挥手,看看能否让出租车停下。
■You must be weak in the head if you believe that.
你相信那件事可就太傻了。
■Do you know if they like this new item?
你知道他们是否喜欢这个新品种?
■You'll crack up if you go on working so hard.
你继续这样拚命干下去,身体会吃不消的。
■If you think that, you are gravely mistaken.
你若是那样想,就大错特错了。
■There'll be the devil to pay if you scratch my car!
你要是划坏了我的汽车你就有麻烦了!
■She'll let you borrow the car if you twist her arm.
你要是硬要她把汽车借给你,她就借给你。
■If you continue to steal you'll end up in prison.
你要是继续行窃终归得进监狱。
■You are just inviting trouble if you do that.
你那么做就是在自找麻烦。
■If today is Tuesday, the day after tomorrow will be Thursday.
假如今天是星期二,後天就是星期四。
■Take heed of what he says, if you want to succeed.
假如你想成功,就得留意他说的话。
■If you have anything to say, say it to my face.
假如你有什么话要讲,就当面跟我讲好了。
■If I had my way, I'd go to the movies tonight.
假如我做得到的话,我今晚会去看电影。
■If you're constipated you should eat more roughage.
假若便秘就应该多吃粗糙食物。
■Follow after truth if you would be a man.
做一个男子汉就要追求真理。
■Leave off! You'll break it if you're not careful!
停止!你不小心的话会把它破的!
■Light often behaves as if it were made of particles.
光常常表现出好象它是由粒子组成似的。
■Even if I have to walk all the way I'll get there.
即使一路走着去,我也得赶到那里。
■Even if I miss the meeting, what of it?
即使我不出席这次会议,那又有什么了不起呢?
■We should practice economy even if we are rich.
即使我们富裕了也仍应该厉行节约。
■Only time will tell if you are right.
只有时间才能证明你是否正确。
■Success is mine if I stick it out.
只要我坚持到底成功就是我的。
■If you eat too much chocolate you'll get fat.
吃巧克力太多会发胖。
if only
1. 只要
If only it clears up , we'll go.
只要天一放晴, 我们就去。
2. 但愿
If only he arrives in time.
但愿他能及时赶到。
习惯用语if and when1.■如果, 万一If ifs and ans were pots and pans, there'd be no trade for tinkers.1.■[谚]如果种种“假如”能够变成深锅和浅锅, 补锅匠就没有生意了。(意思是:如果人们的主观愿望都能实现, 天下就太平了)if only1.■只要; 要是....就好, 但愿