tough

[tʌf]

adj.强硬的, 棘手的, 艰苦的, 严厉的
adv.以强硬的态度
n.暴徒; 恶棍

例句与用法：

A lot of people would have resigned in the face of such accusations, but he stayed and toughed it out.

面对这样的指责，许多人都会辞职的，然而他却留下并硬是挺了过来。

The company faces tough competition.

这家公司面临着艰难的竞争。

We won the contract but only through a lot of tough negotiating.

我们赢得了合同，但是却经过了多次不屈不挠的谈判才达到目的。

词形变化：

副词: toughly | 形容词比较级: tougher | 形容词最高级: toughest | 名词: toughness |

a.

1. 坚韧的, 牢固的, 折不断的

This material is as tough as leather.

这料子像皮革般坚韧。

2. (肉等)老的, 咬不动的

The steak was so tough I couldn't eat it.

牛排太老了, 我咬不动它。

3. 强壮的, 结实的

Donkeys are tough little animals and can carry big loads.

驴是结实的小动物, 能负重载。

4. 顽固的, 固执的

He is a tough nut.

他是一个顽固的家伙。

5. 不屈不挠的, 刚强的

He is a very tough man.

他是个硬汉。

6. 粗鲁的; 不守秩序的, 无法无天的

He lives in a tough neighborhood.

他住的地区邻里非常粗野。

7. 【口】不幸的, 倒霉的[(+on)]

A spell of tough luck discouraged us.

一阵坏运气令我们大为沮丧。

8. 棘手的, 费劲的

That was tough work.

那是棘手的工作。

9. 强硬的; 严格的; 冷酷的[(+with/on)]

The law is tough on offenders.

该法律对违法者处罚很严厉。

n.

【美】粗暴的人; 暴徒, 恶棍[C]

A gang of toughs attacked the police.

一群暴徒袭击了警察。

tough

形容词比较级：tougher

形容词最高级：toughest

名词复数：toughs

词形变化：

副词: toughly | 形容词比较级: tougher | 形容词最高级: toughest | 名词: toughness |

同义词：

strong | sturdy | hard | durable | difficult | rough | exacting | firm | chewy | stringy | threatening | dangerous | demanding | severe | hardy | strict | vague | rigid | obscure | complicated | unclear | ruffian | harsh | hoodlum | stony | hearty | tenacious | resistant | drastic | gangster | wicked | sinewy | careless | manly | troublesome | stiff | painful | iron | criminal | wiry | proof | yob | hood | elusive | bully | roughneck | yobo | thug | toughie | problematical | goon | bad | baffling | ruffianly | rowdy | punk | hooligan | rugged | problematic | knotty | toughened | strong-armer | yobbo |

反义词：

tender |

词义辨析：

同义:

a.坚强的; 牢固的

hardy

strong

firm

sturdy

durable

a.费力的; 困难的

hard

difficult

complicated

obscure

unclear

vague

a.坚韧的; 强壮的

firm

sturdy

durable

strong

hard

同义参见:

sinewy

ruffian

rough

gangster

resistant

proof

painful

careless

exacting

drastic

manly

wiry

wicked

troublesome

iron

criminal

tenacious

hoodlum

hearty

stony

stiff

harsh

反义:

a.顽固的; 坚硬的; 强壮的; 粗鲁的

tender

easy

fragile

soft

weak

gentle

反义参见:

feeble

breakable

tender¹

invalid¹

frail¹

tough[tʌf]adj.1.■坚韧的；不易磨损的；不易断裂的；不易打碎的2.■不嫩的；不易咀嚼的，咬不动的3.■粘的；稠的4.■强健的，健壮的；能吃苦耐劳的5.■坚强的；坚定的；顽强的6.■强硬的；倔强的；顽固的；难说服的7.■无情的，冷酷的，铁石心肠的；现实的，实际的8.■[口语]激烈的，剧烈的；凶猛的9.■艰难的，困苦的；劳累的10.■[口语]坏的；不幸的，倒霉的；令人不快的11.■[美国英语]粗暴的；强横的；无法无天的；不守秩序的12.■[美国俚语]顶好的；极妙的；出色的[用以表示赞赏]adv.1.■顽强地2.■粗暴地3.■猛烈地n.1.■[美国英语]恶棍；流氓；歹徒vt.1.■[美国口语]忍耐，忍受；熬过(常与 out连用)：to tough the winter out熬过冬天近义词strong(as) tough as leather(食物)粗粝，硬如皮革(as) tough as old boots非常硬的；咬不动的非常坚强的as tough as they come极好，极健壮，极强壮get tough with[口语]对…强硬起来hang tough不泄气，坚持下去[见 hang]tough it out[美国口语]勇敢地承受；坚持到底

1. (of a substance or object) strong enough to withstand adverse conditions or rough or careless handling
   （物质，物体）坚韧的，坚固的
   tough rucksacks for climbers.
   登山者的耐用背包。
   ■(of a person or animal) able to endure hardship or pain; physically robust
   （人，动物）能吃苦耐劳的；强壮的
   she took a tonic, and said that was why she was as tough as old boots.
   她喝了一口补药，说那就是她为什么如此健壮的原因。
   ■able to protect one's own interests or maintain one's own opinions without being intimidated by opposition; confident and determined
   强硬的；自信而坚决的
   she's both sensitive and tough.
   她既敏感，又强硬。
   ■demonstrating a strict and uncompromising attitude or approach
   （态度，方法）严厉的，不妥协的
   police have been getting tough with drivers.
   警察最近对司机严厉起来了。
   tough new laws on tobacco advertising.
   针对烟草广告的严厉的新法律。
   ■(of a person) strong and prone to violence
   （人）粗暴的，粗鲁的
   tough young teenagers.
   粗暴的青少年。
   ■(of an area) notorious for violence and crime
   （地区）充满暴力与犯罪的
   ■(of food, especially meat) difficult to cut or chew
   （食物，尤指肉）老的，难切的，咬不动的
   
2. involving considerable difficulty or hardship; requiring great determination or effort
   困难的，艰苦的；需很大决心（或努力）的
   the training has been quite tough.
   训练非常艰苦。
   he had a tough time getting into a good college.
   他好不容易才进了一所好大学。
   ■used to express sympathy with someone in an unpleasant or difficult situation
   不幸的，倒霉的（对某人所处困境所说的同情话）
   Poor kid. It's tough on her.
   可怜的孩子，她真不幸。
   ■[often as exclamation]used to express a lack of sympathy with someone
   活该（对某人缺乏同情的说法）
   I feel the way I feel, and if you don't like it, tough.
   我就是这么想的，你要不喜欢，随你的便。
   

1. (informal)a rough and violent man
   (非正式)粗暴的人；有暴力倾向的人
   

1. (informal)endure a period of hardship or difficulty
   (非正式)坚持到底，熬过
   

1. (vulgar slang)used to express a lack of sympathy with someone
   (粗俚)活该（表示对某人的不同情）
   

1. Old English tōh, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch taai and German zäh
   

tough

名词 tough:

someone who learned to fight in the streets rather than being formally trained in the sport of boxing

同义词：street fighter

an aggressive and violent young criminal

同义词：hood, hoodlum, goon, punk, thug, toughie, strong-armer

a cruel and brutal fellow

同义词：bully, hooligan, ruffian, roughneck, rowdy, yob, yobo, yobbo

形容词 tough:

not given to gentleness or sentimentality

very difficult; severely testing stamina or resolution

同义词：rugged

physically toughened

同义词：toughened

substantially made or constructed

同义词：sturdy

violent and lawless

同义词：ruffianly

feeling physical discomfort or pain (`tough' is occasionally used colloquially for `bad')

同义词：bad

resistant to cutting or chewing

unfortunate or hard to bear

同义词：hard

making great mental demands; hard to comprehend or solve or believe

同义词：baffling, knotty, problematic, problematical

tough

■He was a typical New York tough in 1908.

1908年,他还是一个典型的纽约市顽童。

■"Lord, it's a tough as Tilbury Foster!

“老天爷，就像提尔伯里 - 福斯特那么难缠

■A tough negotiator who had a number of cards up his sleeve.

一个拥有很多锦囊妙计的难以对付的谈判者

■To survive as a lone marmot, you have to be tough.

一只独立的土拨鼠要想能生存下去，它必须要能经受住风风雨雨。

■A spell of tough luck discouraged him.

一段时间的厄运使他失去了勇气。

■A spell of tough luck discouraged us.

一阵坏运气令我们大为沮丧。

■Eg: You need to be tough to survive in the jungle.

为了能够在丛林中生存,你需要能吃苦耐劳。

■Joe is a yellow-bellied guy; don't send him on such a tough assignment.

乔是个胆小鬼，不要把这样艰难的工作交给他。

■Henry likes to have some tough problems to bite on.

亨利喜欢钻研一些难题。

■It was a tough race to lose for CHINA TEAM.

今天中国之队的失败非常令人沮丧。

■Out of the electronic tube has come one particularly tough little war baby.

从电子管中产生出一门格外强劲而短暂的战时工业。

■He is tough in doing everything.

他不管做什么事都很有毅力。

■He has to associate with tough criminals.

他与那些死不悔改的囚犯打交道。

■The influence of his American years following on his apprenticeship with Tony has left us thinking of him as a conductor tough to the point of brutality. But now, returning to Europe, he seems newly relaxed.

他从师托尼后又在美国生活了那么些年，我们感到，这使他变成了一个强悍得几乎野蛮的管理者。可现在，他回到了欧洲，似乎又重新变得宽容了。

■They are very tough on drunk drivers.

他们对酒后驾车者十分严格。

■Their quarterback is one tough hombre.

他们的四分卫是个强壮的人。

■He's going to be a jolly tough candidate to beat.

他会成为很难击败的候选人。

■He lives in a tough neighborhood.

他住的地区邻里非常粗野。

■He's countering? God, he is a tough old bird.

他反击了?他是只老悍鸟。

■He plays the tough guy in the movie.

他在电影中扮演硬汉。

■He's not tough enough for a career in sales.

他干推销这一行缺少足够的韧劲。

■He is really a tough guy, he takes no prisoners.

他很严格,绝不手下留情。

■He is tough and never feels tired.

他很强壮，从不感到疲倦。

■He moaned that his work was too tough.

他抱怨工作太困难。

■He was a very tough cop and a very fair one.

他是一个非常坚强的警察，同时又是一个非常公正的警察。

■He is a tough guy who fears nothing and no one.

他是一条天不怕,地不怕的硬汉字。

■He was the quintessential tough guy.

他是个典型的硬汉子。

■He was the tough guy, the big shot, who gave orders with the crack of a whip.

他是个威风凛凛发号施令的强悍的家伙，是个大人物。

■He is a tough teacher to deal with.

他是个很难对付的老师。

■He's a tough guy.

他是个难对付的家伙。

■It's rather tough on him falling ill just as he's about to go on holiday.

他正要去度假却生病了，真倒霉。

■He didn't realize it could be a tough job.

他没有意识到这可能会是比较棘手的事情。

■He looked vigorous, tough, and lively.

他看起来体格健壮，活力四射。

■But she is also a tough customer while shopping.

但是购物的时候,她也是个难伺候的顾客。

■You think you're so tough, don't you?

你以为自己够厉害的，是不是?

■You're just going to have to tough it out.

你只好硬硬头皮撑到底了。

■He'll never pay upunless you get tough with him.

你对他态度强硬,他才会还清债务。

■He'll never pay up unless you get tough with him.

你对他态度强硬，他才会还清债务。

■You'll get tough and strong muscle.

你的肌肉会变得强壮有力的。

■Can you cope with that tough matter?

你能应付这件棘手的事吗?

■She is a tough cookie when it comes to making a deal.

做交易时，她是个善于讨价还价的人。

■Imitation parchment: Tough grease-proof paper.

充羊皮纸:结实的防油纸。

■We are going to hang tough on this.

关於这件事,我们坚持到底。

■The previous situation is a tough one.

前述案例颇为棘手。

■Fielded tough questions from the press.

即席回答新闻界所提出的尖锐问题

■Be on a varsity team must be tough.

参加大学代表队一定很辛苦

■Being on a varsity team must be tough .

参加大学代表队一定很辛苦。

■But the tough good-guy aura never quite remained.

可是那一股生硬的可亲气息却往往一瞬即逝。

■Comparisons are tough enough on identical twins.

同卵双生之间的比较已经够令人头疼。

■Harry talks tough but he's really a pushover.

哈里说话很强硬,但实际上却是个容易对付的人。