presupposition
[.pri:sʌpə'ziʃən]
n. 预先假定, 臆测
例句与用法:
You have made several unjustified presuppositions.
你作了一些毫无根据的假设。
Bail was refused on the presupposition of his guilt.
已料到他罪名成立而不准保释。
词形变化:
形容词: presuppositional | 名词: presupposition | 动词过去式: presupposed | 动词过去分词: presupposed | 动词现在分词: presupposing | 动词第三人称单数: presupposes |
n.
预想; 假定; 前提
presupposition
词形变化:
形容词: presuppositional | 名词: presupposition | 动词过去式: presupposed | 动词过去分词: presupposed | 动词现在分词: presupposing | 动词第三人称单数: presupposes |
词义辨析:
同义参见:
prejudice
noun
- a thing tacitly assumed beforehand at the beginning of a line of argument or course of action
先决条件;预先假定的事;预测之事
images that challenge presuppositions about feminine handiwork.
难以预料到的妇女手工活的(精巧)形象。
■[mass noun]the action or state of presupposing or being presupposed
预想,预先假定,预先推测
- mid 16th cent.: from medieval Latin praesuppositio(n-), from the verb praesupponere (see presuppose)
presupposition
名词 presupposition:
the act of presupposing; a supposition made prior to having knowledge (as for the purpose of argument)
presupposition
■"Examination-oriented Education System" and Quality-oriented Education with Historical Presupposition
"应试的教育"与具有历史前提的素质教育
■"Economic Man" Presupposition and the Confucianists'Viewpoints on Righteousness and Benefits
"经济人"假说与儒家义利观
■"Experience Default" means that the sender pre-assumes the receiver's cultural experience based on shared cultural knowledge and pragmatic presupposition, thus increasing the communication efficiency.
“经验省略”是指交际双方在享有共同文化知识和语用前提的基础上,对受话者的文化经验以缺省的形式进行预设,从而提高交际效率的现象。
■One and Many: the Approach, Presupposition and Time Spirit of Phenomenology of "Religiosity"
一与多:"宗教性"的现象学的进路、预设与时代精神
■Uncertainty penetrates in our thought and action, which is the presupposition and basis in various theory.
不确定性渗透在人类的思想、行动之中,是各种理论的前提和基础。
■To simplify I have made the presupposition that magic is the result of ONE gene (or rather one pair of genes) alone.
为简化问题起见,我们假设这样一个前提:魔法天赋仅来源与一个基因(或许说一对基因更为准确)。
■when "W" is active composition of the category of words as "big or small" there is presupposition meaning of "YW" probably.That's to say, it expresses the whole concept scope.
也就是说,并不预设事物具有积极成分的概念意义所表达的性质,而是表示整个概念范围。
■That is to say, presupposition is an important component of the overall message in advertising and plays an irreplaceable part in fulfilling the ultimate purposes of advertising.
也就是说,预设是广告所要传达的总体信息的一个重要组成部分,而且在实现广告的最终目的方面起着不可替代的作用。
■Factual presupposition
事实预设
■Keywords communicative structure of sentence,referent of noun phrase,presupposition,sentence stress,lexical meaning;
交际结构;语句重音;名词性短语的指称;预设;词汇语义;
■Background is believed to be correlated with presupposition, given information and relative clause while foreground is believed to be correlated with assertion and new information.
人们通常认为后景信息是和预设、已知信息、关系分句联系在一起,而图形则是和断言、新信息相关。
■Shklovsky deemed that the aim of art is to provide esthetic perception to people and perceptibility is the presupposition for art to exist.
什克洛夫斯基认为艺术的目的在于为人们提供审美感受,所以可感性是艺术存在的前提。
■Applying Presupposition to Listening Comprehension from the Perspective of Information Structure
从信息结构角度分析预设在听力理解中的应用
■Discussion is made on determing the great misunderstanding consisting of four cases of presupposition, conditions, degree and forseen result.
从构成重大误解的前提、条件、程度以及后果预见四个方面阐述了对重大误解的认定。
■Equivalent Translation Viewed form the Symmetry of Pragmatic Presupposition
从语用前提对称看等值翻译
■Observing from the the Pragmatic angle, Presupposition has two characteristics-appropriateness and mutual knowledge, also it ought to abide by cooperative principle and it can't has ambiguity.
从语用的角度看,预设具有合适性和共知性这两个与语境密切相关的特征,并且它应该遵守合作原则,不能有歧义。
■Good faith and Breach of faith in Accounting and the Relevant Theoretical Presupposition
会计诚信、失信及相关理论预设
■According to the traditional theories in the civil law, the existence of duty is the presupposition to judge whether the subject should take the responsibilities or not.
传统民法理论认为,判断主体是否承担责任一般要以义务的存在为前提,因此明确主体的义务对确定主体的责任至关重要。
■In fact, however, this presupposition is unjustifiable and therefore, its actual application is not quite satisfactory and its evaluation results are poor in reliability.
但是实际上这种假设条件并不能成立,因此运用起来往往不能令人满意,评价结果的可信度也较差。
■Grice, H. P. Presupposition and Conversational Implicature. In Cole(ed.) 1981
何自然.语用学与英语学习.上海外语出版社,1997.
■Your judgment of the case is based on the presupposition that the witness is telling the truth.
你对这案件的裁决,是以证人讲的都是实话这一假设为依据的。
■Under the presupposition that has ensured the father-oriented family system, some degrading methods are adopted to restrict or deprive women's rights and duties in the“ Wu Fu” system.
先秦服制中性别等级地位的差异,正是先秦统治者将“亲亲”、尊尊”、长长”以及“男女有别”等一套宗法制精神“外化”于丧礼服饰中的表现。
■Keywords presupposition;anaphora;context;binding resolution;accommodation resolution;bridging resolution;
先设;照应;语境;约束消解;纳入消解;架桥消解;
■Presupposition, Focus and the Scope Ambiguity of Negation
先设、焦点和否定的辖域歧义
■Choosing the Way to Restrain Public Power and Its Values'Presupposition
公共权力制约的路径选择及其价值预设
■First, the specific nature and the historical development of Taiwan Capitalism are the basic referential points and the presupposition for the study of various fields of Taiwan society.
其一,台湾资本主义的特殊性质与历史发展,是研究台湾社会各领域的关键参照因素与论证前提;
■His original conception, narrative dualism and the structural presupposition in the construction of the whole story are of great narrative arts.
其新颖的立意、二元性叙事结构和对小说的情节预设功能都充分体现了作者高超的叙事技巧。
■The presupposition about the intellectual and the paradox between the words and actions of so-called intellectual in the text indicate that the novel is worldly wise and does not surpass any aesthetical dimensionality.
其讨知识分子的前设与在文本中表现出来的所谓知识分子的行止的自相矛盾昭示作品本身的世故,没有超越维度。
■This comprehensive evaluation model is based on the presupposition that evaluation results can be added together and evaluation factors are linear.
其评价思想的核心建立在评价结果可以叠加,评价因子为线性关系的假设之上。
■concrete presupposition definition
具体预设定义
■typical semantic presupposition
典型语义预设
■More on Presupposition and Entailment
再论预设与推涵
■As philosophy,Wilhelm Wundt's system of experimental psychology was established with the Cartesian mind as its presupposition in the atmosphere of contemporary philosophy.
冯特的实验心理学体系作为哲学,是在现代哲学背景下以近代哲学精神为基础而建立起来的;
■This thesis analyzes the relation between pragmatic rules and humour from five aspects:conversational maxims,conversational implicature,deixis,presupposition and speech acts.
分别从五个方面分析了语用原则与幽默的密切联系:会话交际、会话含义、指示、前提、言语行为。
■While processing sports images, the first images of joints made man were regarded as presupposition, and the following analysis of joints were done by computers, which were faster and more accurate.
分析过程中,首帧图像的关节位置由人工输入,作为先验知识,以后的分析过程由计算机自动进行,分析结果迅速准确。
■Asymmetrical Comparison and Contrast of Gradable Antonyms in Pragmatic Presupposition
分级反义词在语用前提中的非对称比较与对比性
■Presupposition, deixis, the cooperative principle, speech act theory, face theory and politeness principle are used to elucidate the generation of the humorous utterances;
利用语用学里的预设、指示语、合作原则、言语行为理论、面子原则和礼貌原则来对幽默言语的生成机制进行研究;
■presupposition and entailment
前提与蕴涵关系
■presupposition test
前提检测
■presupposition driven inference
前提驱动型推理
■The Presupposition Concerning the Validity of Linear Trend Test with the Double Orientation's Ordinal Categories
双向有序分类资料线性趋势分析方法的前提条件
■Moreover, previous research on presupposition has been conventionally confined to the sentential level of language with the discourse aspects of presupposition being greatly downplayed.
另外,以往的预设研究是在句子的层面上进行的,忽略了预设在语篇层面上的研究可能。
■Negation used to be the test for presupposition, as presupposition was defined as a special species of entailment that can survive negation.
可是这种否定只能限于内部否定。否定的范围是预设理论中的一个很重要的问题。
■It is obvious that the way of presenting presupposition and assertion is the main factor that will affect readers' responses to information.
可见,广告中预设讯息和断言讯息的呈现方式才是主要影响读者对于讯息反应的因素。
■A reasonable and proper selection of design standard and code isa basic presupposition of design work,as well as a basis for the nationalization of equipment and materials, optimization of process flow and reduction of engineering cost.
合理、适度地选择设计标准及设计参数是开展设计工作的基本前提,也是推行设备材料国产化、优化工艺流程和降低工程造价的基础。
■It is obviously the later is the argumentative presupposition of the former.
后者显然为前者的论证前提。
■I don't want to waste time disproving the statement in your email because they are from subjective and even evil-minded presupposition.
因为他们是从主观和甚而心地邪恶预想,不想要浪费时间反驳在您的电子邮件的我声明。
■Therefore, they are expected to take into account the factor of presupposition and make adjustments in order to avoid possible negative impact and act accordingly.
因此,言语交际主体在言语交际活动中应在充分考虑预设因素的基础上随时调整自己的言语行为,避免给交际带来负面影响,做到有的放矢。
■In two-dimensional presuppositional logic, the evaluation of each sentence contains the truth value of the sentence and the presupposition value of the sentence.
在二维预设逻辑中,每个句子的赋值是二维的,包含句子本身的真值和句子预设的真值。
■Semantic presupposition can be cancelled and,mostly,stand as a fixed proposition under the negation test,but some presuppositions fail to keep consistent under negation test.
在否定命题下,大多数预设仍保持为一个常值,但也有少数预设的否定命题不能够保持为一个常值。