to
[tu:]
prep.对于, 为了, (表示方向)到, 向, (表示间接关系)给
adv.(表示方向)去, (门)关上
例句与用法:
Her dress reached down to her ankles.
她的连衣裙垂至脚踝。
He is walking to and fro in the room.
他在房间内踱来踱去。
This road leads to London.
这条路通向伦敦。
The town came to life after sunrise.
日出之后,这个市镇变得充满生气。
prep.
1. 向, 往, 到
She lives in the house to the right.
她住在右边的房子里。
This road leads to Paris.
这条路通往巴黎。
2. (表示距离)离
3. (表示时间)直到, 在……之前
He wrote from morning to night.
他从早到晚写东西。
4. (表示程度、范围)到, 达
He was wet to the skin.
他浑身湿透了。
5. 趋于; (变)成, (变)到
Things are going from bad to worse.
情形每况愈下。
6. (表示位置)对, 面对
7. (表示接近、接触)在, 于, 紧贴着
8. (表示对象)对, 向
Excessive drinking did harm to his health.
过量饮酒损害了他的健康。
9. 属于, 归于
I've lost the key to the house.
我把屋子的钥匙丢失了。
10. (表示比较、对比)比
This engine is superior to that one.
这台发动机比那台要好。
11. (表示比例关系)每
12. 对于, 关于
What is her attitude to the issue?
她对这个问题抱什么态度?
13. 与……一致, 按……
Modern paintings are not to my taste.
现代画不合我的口味。
14. 为了, 用作
We sat down to dinner at six.
我们六点钟坐下来吃饭。
15. 致使
To her delight, she passed the examination.
使她高兴的是她考试及格了。
16. 由于
ad.
1. 向前
2. (门等)关上
She pushed the door to.
她用力把门关上。
3. 恢复意识
The girl came to after a while.
过了一会儿那个女孩醒过来了。
4. (做)起来, 着手
They fell to with great relish.
他们津津有味地吃了起来。
5. 在近旁
prep.
1. (与原形动词一起构成不定式)
The government offered to give us financial help.
政府提出在经济上给我们援助。
To gossip about others isn't right.
说别人闲话是不对的。
2. (用来代替不定式或不定式短语, 以免重复)
You can do it this way if you care to.
如果你乐意的话, 可以这样做。
短语词组:
to and fro
1. 往复地; 来回地
Trucks and cars were shuttling to and fro on the highways.
公路上卡车和汽车正来往奔驰穿梭。
to[强 tu:; 弱 tu; 辅音前弱tə; t]prep.1.■[表示方向等,与 from 相反]向,往,到:turn to the right向右转She came to the garden.她来到这个花园。2.■[表示时间的限度]直至;到…为止; 在…之前:to this day直到今天no parking from three to six三时至六时禁止停车3.■[表示程度、情况、数量的限度]及于;至;达到:wet to the skin浑身湿透a fight to the death殊死的战斗4.■[表示目的、意愿]为了:to come to dinner来吃饭to go to the rescue去救援5.■[表示结果]致,致使;被…弄得…;…的是:sentenced to ten years in prison被判处十年徒刑to no purpose白白,徒然6.■[表示原因]由于:The flowers opened to the sun.花儿在阳光下开放。7.■[表示比较]比,比较,相比:inferior to last year's crop比去年的收成低superior to the others优于其他8.■倾向;趋向于(某一状况等):to grow to manhood长大成人a rise to fame成名,出名9.■[表示相对位置]对;面对;对立;到…上;接近:parallel to the roof与屋顶平行a house to the left左边的一幢房子10.■给,予:Listen to her.听她说。Give the dictionary to him.把字典给他。11.■致敬;祝贺:They drink to his health.他们为他的健康干杯。a toast to your success为你的成功干杯12.■[表示归属]属于;…的:the key to the classroom教室的钥匙13.■[表示附加]附加于;加于:add this to the others把这个加在另外几个上面Where is the top to this box?这个盒子的盖儿哪去了?14.■[表示伴随]跟着; 伴随;随同:She danced to the music.她合着音乐跳舞。to do something to one's liking据某人的爱好做某事15.■关于;就…而言;对于;依…看:That's all there is to it.那就是有关这一点的一切;如此而已。What will he say to this?对此他会说什么?16.■适合;合乎;对…的反应是:not to one's taste不合某人的口味The dog came to his whistle.狗听到他的哨声就来了。17.■[表示数目或数量的关系]每:12 to the dozen一打为12个20miles to the gallon一加仑汽油可行驶20英里18.■[后接 oneself]专为…所用:She has a room to herself.她独住一间房。19.■[口语]带有;以( = with):a field planted to corn玉米地20.■[方言]在(某处):He's to home.他在家adv.1.■向前:His hat is on wrong side to.他的帽子前后戴歪了。2.■(门窗等)关上;虚掩着:The door was blown to.风吹把门关上了。3.■开始;着手:We turned to with a will.我们开始努力干。4.■在附近:We were close to when it happened.事情发生时我们正在附近。5.■苏醒过来:after he came to在他苏醒过来以后6.■【航海学】(帆船)向上风n.1.■[用于动词前与动词构成不定式]2.■[动词不定式用作主语]:To see is to believe.[谚语]眼见为实。3.■[用作宾语]:She can't afford to buy a computer.她买不起电脑。4.■[用作宾语补语]:I asked her to show me her new car.我要她给我看看她的新汽车。5.■[用作表语]:My wish is to become a scholar.我的愿望是成为一名学者。6.■[用作定语]:Mary was the first person to think of the idea.玛丽是第一个想到这个主意的人。7.■[用作状语]:We were surprised to hear it.听了这个我们感到吃惊。8.■[用作插入语]:To tell you the truth,I don't quite agree with you.说真的,我不太同意你的意见。adj.1.■[用来代替动词不定式或不定式短语,以避免重复前面的动词]:I shall go if I want to.如果我想去我就去。as to见 asto and fro来回地;往返地,来来往往地零星分散地to oneself默默地,暗自私下地,秘密地单独地自主地,独立地;不受制于他人地;自行其是地
toto[tu:, tu, tə]prep.1.■[表示方向、时间]朝...方向; 向; 往; 到from north to south从北到南go to school上学keep to the right靠右边走turn to the left向左转弯ten minutes to nine 9点差10分2.■[表示终点、程度、范围]达到, 到; 趋于, 倾向be tired to death累得要死change from bad to worse每况愈下to a certain degree [extent]到某种程度[范围]punctual to the minute一分钟都不差be rotten to the core烂透了3.■[表示对立, 反面, 对应]针对;a hand-to-hand fight白刃战face to face面对面contrary to it与此相反4.■[表示对比、比较、选择]比; 对equal to ...等于inferior to ...次于I prefer this to that.我宁愿要这个, 不要那个。The picture is true to life.这画栩栩如生。The score was 9to 6.比分是九比六。5.■[表示间接关系]给..., 于...I give a book to him.我给他一本书。My mother wrote to her yesterday.我妈妈昨天给她写了信。It seems to me that...在我看来...6.■[表示结果、效果]致, 致使shoot a wolf to death把狼射死tear to pieces扯碎to one's surprise使某人吃惊to the point恰到好处to no purpose落空7.■[表示目的]为了; 作为call to witness叫...做证人come to the rescue前来营救drink to one's health为某人的健康干杯to that end为了那个目的8.■[表示对象]于; 对于be kind to sb.对某人很好be open to public向公众开放duty to the state对于国家的义务the right answer to a question对问题的正确回答to my knowledge就我所知To him it is a trouble.对他来说, 这是个麻烦。9.■[表示结合, 归属]归于belong to属于the key to my office我办公室的钥匙a private secretary to the minister部长的私人秘书Such a man is an honor to his country.这样的人是他国家的光荣。10.■[表示适合; 配合; 按照]按, 按照; 随同, 伴随sing [dance] to the music配合音乐唱歌[跳舞]not to one's taste不合...所好adopt it to one's needs适合某人的需要set words to music给音乐谱写歌词put milk to coffee加牛奶于咖啡中11.■[表示关连、联系]对于, 至于, 关于What did she say to that?关于那件事她说些什么?12.■[表示数量与单位的关系]每12 to the dozen一打有十二个50persons to the square kilometre每平方公里五十人13.■[表示原因]由于fall to one's opponent's blows受到对手的打击而倒下14.■[to oneself]专对; 专为...单独所有[所用]have the room to oneself独住一间think to oneself自忖talk to oneself自言自语keep oneself to oneself不与人来往
词性变化toadv.1.■向前2.■(门窗等)关上, 虚掩着3.■着手干4.■在近旁5.■(用)上6.■苏醒过来put on one's hat wrong side to前后颠倒地戴上帽子leave the door to让门虚掩着be about to将要着手干just push your chair a bit closer to把椅子稍许往近靠一靠next to贴近; 几乎; ...旁边; ...之后; 次于open the door to [for]使成为可能; 向...开门; 给...方便put the horses to套上马bring sb. to使某人苏醒过来
preposition
- expressing motion in the direction of (a particular location)
[表示方向]向,朝,往;到
walking down to the shops.
向南走到商店。
my first visit to Africa.
我首次游览非洲。
■expressing location, typically in relation to a specified point of reference
[尤指相对于具体参照点的位置]离;在,于
forty miles to the south of the site.
在这个地方以南40英里。
place the cursor to the left of the first word.
把光标放在第一个词的左边。
■expressing a point reached at the end of a range or after a period of time
[表示范围、时段]到,达
a drop in profits from £105 m to around £75 m.
利润从1亿500万英镑降至约7,500万英镑。
from 1938 to 1945.
从1938年至1945年。
■(chiefly Brit.)(in telling the time) before (the hour specified)
(主英)[后接具体钟点用于报时]在…之前
it's five to ten.
9点55分。
■approaching or reaching (a particular condition)
倾向于;趋于
Christopher's expression changed from amazement to joy.
克里斯托弗的表情由惊奇转为喜悦。
she was close to tears.
她眼泪快掉下来了。
■expressing the result of a process or action
[表示结果]成,至
smashed to smithereens.
捣成碎片。 - identifying the person or thing affected
[表牵涉到的人、事]对(于)
you were terribly unkind to her.
你对她太坏了。
■identifying the recipient or intended recipient of something
[动作的承受者](给)予;对,于
they donated £400 to the hospice.
他们把400英镑捐给了收容所。
I am deeply grateful to my parents.
我十分感激我的父母。 - identifying a particular relationship between one person and another
[表两人间关系]跟,与;作为
he is married to his cousin Emma.
他和表妹埃玛结婚。
economic adviser to the president.
总统的经济顾问。
■in various phrases indicating how something is related to something else (often followed by a noun without a determiner)
[后常接不带冠词的名词,表关联]关于;与…相关
made to order.
整理得井井有条。
a prelude to disaster.
灾难的前奏。
■indicating a rate of return on something, for example the distance travelled in exchange for fuel used, or an exchange rate that can be obtained in one currency for another
[表示数量的比例关系]每
it only does ten miles to the gallon.
每加仑汽油只能行驶十英里。
■(to the)(Mathematics)indicating the power (exponent) to which a number is raised
(数)乘方
ten to the minus thirty-three.
10的负33次方。 - indicating that two things are attached
[表示附属、附加]属于;附于;归于
he had left his dog tied to a drainpipe.
他就让狗拴在排水管上。
they are inextricably linked to this island.
他们和这座岛屿有千丝万缕的关系。 - concerning or likely to concern (something, especially something abstract)
对于,关于
a threat to world peace.
对世界和平的威胁。
a reference to Psalm 22:18.
参见《诗篇》22∶18。 - governing a phrase expressing someone's reaction to something
[后接词组表示对某事的反应](面)对;应;使
to her astonishment, he smiled.
使她震惊的是,他笑了。 - used to introduce the second element in a comparison
[引出第二个比较成分]比
it's nothing to what it once was.
比起原先的情况,这算不上什么。 - placed before a debit entry in accounting
[结算账目时置于借方分录前]记入
- used with the base form of a verb to indicate that the verb is in the infinitive, in particular
[与动词原形一起构成动词的不定式]将(要),尤指
■expressing purpose or intention
为了,以便
I set out to buy food.
我出去买食品。
we tried to help.
我们尽力想帮忙。
I am going to tell you a story.
我要给你讲个故事。
■expressing an outcome, result, or consequence
以至于;结果是
he was left to die.
人们让他自生自灭。
he managed to escape.
他想方设法逃跑了。
■expressing a cause
因为,由于
I'm sorry to hear that.
听到这事儿我很难过。
■indicating a desired or advisable action
想要;该
I'd love to go to France this summer.
今年夏天我很想去法国。
we asked her to explain.
我们要求她做个解释。
the leaflet explains how to start a course.
小册子上说明了如何开始一门课程。
■indicating a proposition that is known, believed, or reported about a specified person or thing
(知道,相信)是;(报道)说
a house that people believed to be haunted.
人们认为在闹鬼的屋子。
■(about to)forming a future tense with reference to the immediate future
即将,就要
he was about to sing.
他就要唱了。
■after a noun, indicating its function or purpose
[置于名词后]用作
a chair to sit on.
用来坐的椅子。
something to eat.
吃的东西。
■after a phrase containing an ordinal number
[置于含序数词的词组后]做
the first person to arrive.
第一个到的人。 - used without a verb following when the missing verb is clearly understood
[后面省略表示已知动作的动词]这么做
he asked her to come but she said she didn't want to.
他请她来,但她说她不想来。
- so as to be closed or nearly closed
关着;虚掩着
he pulled the door to behind him.
他从身后拉上了门。
- Old English tō (adverb and preposition), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch toe and German zu
to
to
■A country must have the will to repel any invader.
一个国家得有决心击退任何入侵者。
■It's natural to slack2 off towards the end of a hard day's work.
一天紧张工作快结束的时候有些放松是自然的。
■Cook the meat quickly at first to seal in the juices.
一开始要大火烧肉,以便保存肉汁。
■Whether it rains or not makes no difference to me.
下不下雨对我来说都一样。
■It is rash to cross the street without looking both ways.
不朝两边看看就穿马路是莽撞的。
■In order not to be late, she cut across the fields.
为了不迟到,她抄近路穿过田野。
■We started early in order to arrive before dark.
为了在天黑前到达,我们很早就动身了。
■It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem.
也许要花很长时间才能找到解决这个问题的办法。
■It's a tight squeeze to get five people in that small car.
五个人坐在那个小车子里真是太挤了。
■Henry is nowhere when it comes to the race for class president.
亨利在竞选级长中被远远抛在后面。
■Our firm is likely to reap a big profit this year.
今年我们公司很可能获得巨额利润。
■He's inconsiderate to his family.
他不体谅他的家人。
■He was disobedient to his mother.
他不听他母亲的话。
■They denounced him to the police as a criminal.
他们向警方告发他是罪犯。
■They netted the fruit trees to protect them from birds.
他们用网覆盖住果树以使其免遭鸟害。
■He made manful efforts to move the heavy furniture.
他作出勇敢的努力搬动沉重的家具。
■He pushed hard on the brake pedal to avoid a collision.
他使劲踩下煞车踏板以避免撞车。
■He judged the distance to a nicety.
他判断距离很正确。
■He cut off a bunch of grapes to entertain us.
他剪下一串葡萄招待我们。
■He swore to love her for evermore.
他发誓永远爱她。
■He ordered the troops to limber up and move out.
他命令部队把炮装上前车开出去。
■In dealing with the problem he was cautious to an extreme.
他在处理这个问题时谨慎得过分了。
■He beckoned to me from across the street.
他在马路对面向我招手致意。
■He professed to know nothing about the matter.
他声称对此事一无所知。
■He hunted up a restaurant to appease his hunger.
他好容易找到一家餐馆去填饱肚子。
■He is treacherous to his friends.
他对他的朋友不忠。
■He tried to put a bold face on his failure.
他对自己的失败装出一副满不在乎的样子。
■He did the work so badly that I had to do it all over again myself.
他干的太差劲了,我只好亲自重做。
■He was not a man to sit down with affront.
他并不是一个可以忍受当众侮辱的人。
■He tends to idealize his life in the army.
他总想使自己在军队里的生活理想化。
■He tried to exercise an undue influence upon his colleagues.
他想对他的同事施加不适当的影响。
■He hammered home the points he wanted to convey.
他把所要传达的重点讲得非常透彻。
■He reported on the whole event to the minister.
他把整个事件向部长做了汇报。
■He interposed himself between them to stop them fighting.
他挤进两人中间,阻止他们打架。
■He is a very good footballer; you ought to see him in action.
他是一位出色的足球运动员,你应该看他踢球。
■He was a dishonor to his regiment.
他是那个团的耻辱。
■He prefers to assort with people of his own age.
他更喜欢与自己的同龄人交往。
■He dedicated his life to science.
他毕生致力于科学事业。
■He was destined to plod the path of toil.
他注定要在艰辛的道路上跋涉。
■He likes to be sure of his bodily comforts.
他注重身体上的舒适。
■He has a yen to be alone in a boat.
他渴望独自待在一条船上。
■He persuaded her to sign the document by guile.
他用欺骗手段说服她在文件上签字。
■His wife was a constant inspiration to him.
他的妻子经常鼓励他。
■He flew to Europe via the North Pole.
他经由北极飞到欧洲。
■He larded the duck with pig fat to make it tasty.
他给鸭肉加了点猪油使它美味可口。
■He thumbed through the directory to look for her number.
他翻阅电话号码簿找寻她的号码。
■He is on a lone fun run, nothing to do with the race.
他自己跑著玩的,和竞赛无关。
■He has planned to lacquer the old table.
他计划给旧桌子上一层漆。
■He tried to varnish over the truth with a lie.
他试图用谎言来掩盖真相。
■He vainly tried to mark the defacing stain out.
他试图除去有损外观的污迹,但没有成功。
to and fro
1. 往复地; 来回地
Trucks and cars were shuttling to and fro on the highways.
公路上卡车和汽车正来往奔驰穿梭。
习惯用语to and fro1.■来回地, 来来往往地